Don't forget the Normans.
Oh boy did they get around the coast of Africa;
"the dominion of the Normans extended from Tripoli to the borders of Tunis, and from the western Maghrib to Qayrawan" - Abulafia, "The Norman Kingdom of Africa", page 35, quoting Ibn al-Athīr.
"The Tunisians feared they would be attacked, and sent grain to Sicily in hopes of averting it, according to Ibn Idhari" - bulafia, "The Norman Kingdom of Africa", 35, quoting Ibn Idhari.
"and the kings of Tunis paid him [Roger] tribute" - Abulafia, "The Norman Kingdom of Africa", 35
"The emir himself, Al-Hasan ibn Ali, whom Ali ibn al-Athīr calls the "prince of Africa", was personally indebted to the Sicilian lord, quite possibly as a result of his luxurious tastes. One Arabic chronicler noted how the the king of Sicily imposed the toughest conditions, and the emir had to accept them, and he offered him obedience so that to all intents he became a mere ‘āmil [governor] for Roger" - Abulafia, 33 n. 35, quoting Ibn abī-Dīnār, Al Mu'nis fi Akhbar Ifriqya wa Tunis.
"Because he had a proud heart and a great will to rule, because he was not simply content with Sicily and Apulia, he prepared a vast fleet, which he sent to Africa with very many troops, and Roger took and held Africa." - Archbishop Romuald of Salerno in his Chronicon
"The town of Barasht and the isles of Kerkennah fell to Roger, as did the unruly desert tribes. After the brief period of conquest and acquisition, "the dominion of the Normans extended from Tripoli to the borders of Tunis, and from the western Maghrib to Qayrawan". - Abulafia, "The Norman Kingdom of Africa", 35, quoting Ibn al-Athīr.