Why did the Industrial Revolution start in London? Paris or Vienna seems a more likely spot.
Also, semi related
In the 1700's, France had a way larger population than britain, then Britain overtook them in the early 19th century. Why did British Birth rates boom but French fell?
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I thought it started in... dare I say... Belgium.
It didn't start in London, but in England. One of the catalysts was the English iron/steel industry running out of charcoal/wood and having to switch to fossil coal, which changed a lot of things.
France was a feudal state at the time, private entrepreneurship was not high on the list, same goes for Austria.
Having an actual constitutional state made it a lot easier to set up companies.
Hence, you got Savery, then Newcomen, and then Watt, all producing steam engines, because there was a system capable of protecting their intellectual property.
At the same time, the Darby family is reinventing metallurgy and some other fag whose name I don't remember is revolutionizing the fabric business.
Because french aristocracy (and by extension austrian aristocracy) was more busy thinking about luxury and pomp.
Meanwhile, british aristocracy was more grounded to earth, thinking about how to be succesful in their quests.
Because catholics have a low work ethic and low drive for invention.
this Medieval Flanders had a huge textile trade. For a long time Britain exported tons of wool there. Excellent flat farmland, many rivers and the mouth of the Rhine were factors.
After the glorious revolution a lot of commerce and industry moved to London and wars against France created an enormous debt, further disruptions by Napoleon and Belgium splitting off stunted development despite its favorable position in purely economic terms. However after this Belgium seemed to keep up with Britain technologically, John Cockerill is a good example of this.
So in that region around the channel and up to Denmark, Southern England turned out to be the best place all things considered.
British aristocracy engaged in research, science, and invention.
French aristocracy of the same time considered that kind of behavior gauche and plebian.
That split itself had many roots, among them English timepieces. The further back you try to trace things the more diffuse they get.
nothing to do with aristocracy or better science or religion
The industry has evolved from the stage of craft and family manufacture to the stage of the small factory and then to the stage of the factory using coal and steam.
Just look how tissues were made. In continental Europe until 1840 there was a large part of the peasantry survived making and selling tissues. In England this tradition dissapeared in the early 1800's crisis and the new industries get then a lot of cheap workforce.
France laws protected peasants until 1820's but yet was second to get the industrial revultion. Belgium followed closely.
Germany and Italy started lately because of the lack of unity while having small factories (and still having a lot of it). Sweden and Austria were lacking of small factories.
Spain after the opening to trade of the his empire started the same path but self-destructed with almost 140 years of wars (1794-1939)
Russia was and is too big. An factory can't survive if she can't sell and it was harsh before the railroads. The same for America who started the industrail revolution in 1850 (Russia in 1900)
BITUMINOUS COAL
LMAO
can you explain this graph please
Country, when Industrial revolution took off, when it became mature.
That's completely, 100% inaccurate.
Austria started industrial revolution started in 1880 in Prague not in Viena.
The Netherlands and Denmark like Sweden were short in factories but not in capital which helped to get it in the 1870's.
what's the bars on the right side?
china is specked with bituminous coal
mass consumption
The move to factories preceded social change. It is not like weavers moved into the factories, the factories arose and the weavers were put out of business and started trashing the machines for putting them out of business.
>Hence, you got Savery, then Newcomen, and then Watt, all producing steam engines, because there was a system capable of protecting their intellectual property.
this, french were not enough liberals at the time for liberalism to take off in france
>Hence, you got Savery, then Newcomen, and then Watt, all producing steam engines, because there was a system capable of protecting their intellectual property.
>Country with extensive, high-grade coal deposits develops coal-based industry faster than country without extensive, high-grade coal deposits.
>At the same time, the Darby family is reinventing metallurgy and some other fag whose name I don't remember is revolutionizing the fabric business.
There's a reason why France gets most of its electricity from nuclear power, and it's not because they watched a few too many 50's serials.
this..Flanders was the second richest region because of this
The availability of fossil coal is one thing in the UK, the scarcity of wood and charcoal was another point.
Is it true that Belgium was #2 in the industrial revolution and Switzerland #3?
Belgium makes sense, not sure if a tally true. It (rather Flanders) and Venice had been on the verge of industrialization since the high middle ages. Venice got fugged by turks, plague, and the center of gravity shifting to the Atlantic; but Belgium was in good position to take advantage of the advances in technology of the late 18th century
>start in London?
It started in northern England.
Because we are the master race.