some dudes went up there when the ice shelf pulled back some 10 000 years ago.
not much of importance happened other that those dudes discovered that there were allready some dudes way to the north of them (sami people)
Then around 700 AD these dude got around to building some really neat ships, got some nice smithing going and heard some rumours about land to the south west of them that was ripe for the plucking. And then we had vikings.
And the vikings pillaged, raped, and subjegated people around western europe and went on holliday to constantinople and brought back cool stuff.
Then christianity snuck up norways soft underbelly and by the year 1030 after the battle of stiklestad, (it was more a bro down as there were barely 10 000 people present, but for norway, that's alot of people), most of norway was converted. Some held out but they ended up being tortured to death by being forcefed a snake that would eat its way through their stomach. Some norse mythology snuck into the new religion and they ended up with weird churches like stavkirke.
Then not much happened, some kings came and went, some minor battles, some fucked off to iceland.
The the black death came and went in the 1350's, people died.
By the 1530's, Denmark said fuck it and took the whole shit over and they ruled Norway, the Swedes took offence, sent an army of 40 000 and it ended with their king being shot in the fucking head and another 6000 died in a snowstorm during the retreat. Denmark ran the show up untill 1814 century when Sweden saw fit to take over the shitshow when Denmark said fuck it and fucked off.
Then they ruled their pussywhipped little brother for about 100 years untill 1905 when Norway said they didnt want to take any shit anymore and they became a independent kingdom again.
Then the germans came in 1940 and fucked off in 1945 and norway struck gold with oil and became filthy fucking rich.
That's the broad strokes.