Fundamental Forces of Nature

How do they work?

As far as I understand the three quantum forces, if Particle A and Particle B are interacting then A will send out a boson which B will absorb and so B's momentum will be changed causing motion. Now if momentum is equal to mass times velocity then the momentum of a photon should be 0 since its rest mass is 0 and as far as I understand it shouldn't have any other type of mass since mass is an emergent property of confined particles, therefore the overall momentum change for particles undergoing Electromagnetism should be 0 and nothing should move due to that force. Or does the photon being absorbed confine it and add to the mass of the receptor particle and therefore change its momentum?

Also what causes particles to send bosons to each other? How do they know if something is within their range and to interact according to the forces?

Is there a fifth fundamental force?

Other urls found in this thread:

profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/virtual-particles-what-are-they/
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein_field_equations
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein–Hilbert_action
twitter.com/SFWRedditImages

profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/virtual-particles-what-are-they/

goddamn this just confused me even more
it sounds like he's saying "things move because math"

whats not to get.

Black holes can theoretically make virtual particles real.

The following is blatantly not true, and impossible.

All particles move in straight lines at the speed of light. What defines a straight line is gravity. What defines the speed of light is the other forces. There is Spacetime as defined by GR which defines curvature, and Probability Space as defined by the Standard model which defines c for each particle in spacetime.

how

Why is there no Lagrangian for gravity?

Vacuum bubbles are composed of a particle-antiparticle pair of virtual particles. They don'y properly exist and so have some small amount of "borrowed" energy for the time they exist (see the time-energy uncertainty relation for how this works). If one part of this pair happens to find its way across a black hole's even horizon before the recombine, the black hole has to pay the energy to make the remaining particle real and so you get Hawking radiation and evaporating black holes.

i don't see how that makes virtual particles real.