Help me understand the basics of circuits like volts and current and shit

So the more electrons are separated from atoms inside a battery the more they wanna equalize themselves? i thought that electrons would have the same "excitement" regardless of how many of them were excited close to each other.

And if i get it right, the battery uses a chemical reaction to separate electrons from atoms in a one way street to create volts to begin with, is that right?

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So does a battery ends up empty when the chemicals inside are unable to separate the electrons from the atoms and create voltage? how does the alternator creating positive current helps recharge it then?

Related question to OP: how is it that a coil that has high magnetic field will increase a voltage? and how is it that just like transformers using a thin high looping coil and another coil with less loops will reduce voltage?